Benign tumors of jaw l Oral radiology MCQs for dental students

Radiographic interpretation benign tumors of jaw l Oral radiology MCQs  for dental students 

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Important points to remember in radiograpgic interpretation in benign tumor of jaw

1. Ameloblastoma: It is also called adamantinoma. It begins as central lesion of bone which is slowly destructive, but tends to expand the bone rather than perforate it. Teeth in the involved region may be displaced. Radiographically, classic ameloblastoma appears as multilocular cyst-like lesion and gives honeycomb or ‘soap bubble’ appearance.
2. CEOT: It is also known as Pindborg tumour. It presents as small, painless, slowly growing swelling. It appears as diffuse or well-circumscribed unilocular radiolucent area. Border may be irregular and ill defined in some cases. Sometimes, radio-opaque, calcifying foci are seen within the radiolucent lesion giving rise to ‘drivensnow’ appearance.
3. Squamous odontogenic tumours: The site of occurrence is greater in mandibular bicuspid area. It presents as semicircular or triangular radiolucent area with or without well-sclerotic border.
4. Calcifying odontogenic cyst and dentinogenic ghost cell tumour: It is slow-growing, intraosseous or extraosseous lesion. The lesion that occurs peripherally on the gingival presents as painless swelling or nodules. It may appear as cyst-like radiolucency of variable size, or may present as radiolucent lesion with radio-opaque foci. Cyst may be unilocular or multilocular.
5. Odontoma: Most of the odontomas are asymptomatic in nature. Compound odontoma: It appears as radio-opaque, well-formed tooth-like structure which may be single or several dozens in number having equal or varying density depending on size of each structure. Complex odontoma: It appears as radio-opaque, small, shapeless, irregular, dense solid mass of calcified tissue, having density equal to or more than adjacent tooth depending on its size.
6. Ameloblastic fibroma: It is slow growing than simple ameloblastoma and generally it has no tendency to invade the bone and surrounding tissue. Ameloblastic fibromas appear as unilocular or multilocular radiolucent lesion with a smooth outline, sometimes, with sclerotic border.
7. Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma: It causes facial asymmetry due to swelling of jaw. It shows well-circumscribed radiolucent lesion containing single radio-opaque mass or multiple radio-opacities representing odontoma may be seen.
8. Odontogenic myxoma: It is also called odontogenic fibromyxoma or myxofibroma. It is slow-growing central lesion of jaw which expands the bone causing destruction of cortical plate of bone. Radiograph may present mottled or ‘honeycomb’ appearance, same as in ameloblastoma. It may show mixed radiolucent–radio-opaque pattern due to entrapment of residual bone within the lesion with straight and thin septa giving ‘tennis-racket’ appearance.
9. Benign cementoblastoma: Benign cementoblastoma is slow-growing tumour which may cause pain or swelling. It appears as well-defined radio-opaque area with well-corticated border attached to the root portion of tooth. It is surrounded by well-defined radiolucent band inside the cortical border.
10. Keratocystic odontogenic tumour: Previously called odontogenic keratocyst, it is now called as keratocystic odontogenic tumour by the WHO. Large lesions may be associated with pain, swelling or drainage.
11. Keratocystic odontogenic tumour has radiolucency associated with teeth either in a pericoronal, inter-radicularor periapical or in association with missing teeth. It appears as round or oval unilocular or multilocular radiolucency.
12. Torus palatinus: It represents an outgrowth of varying size and shape in the midline of palate. Torus palatinus appears as a dense radio-opaque shadow in the midline of hard palate.
13. Torus mandibularis: It appears as a focal bony growth on the lingual aspect of mandible above the mylohyoid side in premolar area. There is an area of increased density which appears as homogeneous radio-opaque area.
14. Enostosis: It is also called dense bony island. It appears as focal, oval or round dense radio-opacities of varying sizes situated in molar–premolar area.
15. Neurilemmoma: It is slow-growing, painless tumour. It appears as well-defined unilocular radiolucency. In mandible, radiolucency appears to enlarge inferior alveolar canal running on along its course along the distal foramina.
16. Neurofibroma: Cafe-au-lait spot can be seen. The margin of radiolucent area is sharp and well defined.
17. Osteoma: The swelling is bony hard on palpation. Radiographically, it appears as homogeneous radio-opaque area situated below the molar in the mandible.
18. Osteoblastoma: Pain and swelling of the affected region are constant features. On radiograph, it appears as wellcircumscribed radiolucency. In some cases, it appears as mixed radiolucent–radiopaque area owing to presence of calcified material.