Parotid Region l General anatomy MCQs ( multiple choice question) for dental student
Parotid gland
“It is the largest salivary gland.”
Shape:
- Roughly pyramidal in shape.
v it lies in a space which is bounded by:
v it lies in a space which is bounded by:
- Anteriorly → the ramus of the mandible.
- Posteriorly → the mastoid process.
- Superiorly → the external auditory meatus.
- Inferiorly → the stylomandibular ligament. (angle of
- Medially → the styloid process.
Division:
v it is subdivided in to:
- Superficial lobe → superficial to the facial nerve.
- Deep lobe → deep to the facial nerve.
- Accessory lobe → above the duct of the gland.
General features :
1- Main part: Wedge-shaped
2- Deep part: Deep to the mandible
3- Accessory part: Along parotid duct, superficial to the masseter.
The superficial part has 3 surfaces, 2 poles (ends) & 2 borders:
Relation & surface anatomy
3 surfaces
4. Upper pole (end)
Is represented by a concave line which is drawn from just in front of the tragus of the auricle (head of mandible) to the center of mastoid process, around the external auditory meatus.
is related to:
a) Superficial temporal V.
b) Superficial temporal A.
c) Auriculotemporal n.
d) Ext. auditory meatus & TMJ.
5. Lower pole (end)
is related to:
a) ECA.
b) 2 branches of retromandibular vein.
c) Cervical branch of facial nerve.
d) Posterior belly of digastric.
2 borders
6. Posterior border
- Straight line drawn from the center of mastoid process to a point 1 cm below and behind the angle of mandible (lower end), it runs along the anterior border of sternomastoid muscle.
- is
related to mastoid process & sternomastoid.
7. Anterior border (in order):
Temporal branch of facial nerve.
Zygomatic branches of facial nerve.
Transverse facial artery (above the duct).
Parotid duct (leaves), with the accessory part.
Buccal branches of facial nerve (below the duct)
- Mandibular branch of facial nerve (leaves).
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